Kohlers disease is not common, but is an important differential diagnosis in midfoot pain in children aged around 5 to 10 years.

Ref: Rigby RB, Fallat LM, Kish JP: Axial loading cross screw fixation for the Austin bunionectomy. J Foot Ankle Surg. 2011 Sep-Oct;50(5):537-40.

Clinically the distinction between a Baxters nerve entrapment and plantar fasciitis is not clear, especially in the early stages. Usually the tenderness is more over the origin of the abductor hallucis muscle which may radiate laterally. Sometimes there are a slight parathesiaes present. Phalen’s maneuver may also elicit pain: this is done by inverting and plantarflexing the foot which will compress the nerve, due to narrowing of the porta pedis at the superior margin of the abductor hallucus muscle. Many patients also lose the ability to abduct the fifth digit (but some people can’t do this anyway!). They also tend not to have the poststatic dyskinesia that typical in plantar fasciitis unless it is also present. They also tend to describe a more radiating pain.

Effects of foot orthoses: How important is the practitioner? by TL Chevalier & N Chockalingam in Gait Posture. 2011 Nov 18.
Here is the abstract:

Foot orthoses (FO) are commonly used in the treatment of numerous lower limb problems, pains and injuries. Whilst many studies report their positive effects, and most practitioners would confirm those findings, the available information appears to be anecdotal. As such, the exact mechanisms in which FO work are not fully understood. Therefore, a need exists to study the influence of the inter-practitioner variability in the assessment of orthoses performance. This investigation is central to the understanding of the performance variations in custom-made foot orthoses (CFO). Eleven practitioners took part in the study. Each practitioner completed a clinical assessment of one subject, after which a pair of foot orthoses was manufactured based on casts of the subject’s feet using a neutral non-weight bearing plaster cast. Ten trials per condition were recorded during which kinematic and kinetic data were collected. CFO did not have any systematic significant effects (p<0.05) on any kinetic except for the right-leg peak active force. In addition, systematic kinematic effects could be observed mainly for the sagittal plane for forefoot-to-hindfoot and hindfoot-to-tibia peak angles. The results from this study demonstrate that inter-practitioner variability is a major factor in orthotic intervention in treating a single patient and for a specific pathology. It is therefore strongly recommended to use caution when drawing general conclusions from research studies using custommade foot orthoses. The results suggest that CFO effects can differ between limbs. More importantly, their effects are also practitioner-dependant. Great caution should be used when comparing studies on CFO with different practitioners as conclusions could vastly differ.

The research is essentially saying the function of foot orthotic prescribed by different practitioners varies in the way that they affect foot function. That does not necessarily mean that the clinical outcomes will be different.

Link to article

A story reported that for wrong side surgery, that:

Risk appears to be highest among patients receiving orthopedic or podiatric surgery.

A report from a survey of orthopaedic surgeons and foot survey in 2010 found

In all, 41 of 310 respondents (13%) reported performing WSS at least once, with 4 surgeons (1%) reporting the occurrence twice in their careers; 70 of 310 (23%) surgeons reported that they had prepped the wrong surgical site, but the error was recognized prior to making an incision.

Even though its rare, there is a risk and every good surgeon has in place strategies to make sure that it does not happen. The American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons has a sign your site campaign to have surgeons mark the site prior to starting the surgery. This have been reported to have positive effects.