What exactly is sinus tarsi syndrome?
Just what is sinus tarsi syndrome? What is the pathological process inovled in it. An article in German in 2008 with English abstract reported that:
We looked for mechanical and functional macroscopic structures in the canalis and sinus tarsi that can be associated with sinus tarsi syndrome in order to deduce therapeutic consequences.We found a complex fibrous layer in the sinus and canalis tarsi that forms slips around the synovial sheats of the extensor tendons under the inferior extensor retinaculum. Both limbs run deep to the base of the sinus and canalis tarsi. The lateral band inserts into the sinus tarsi at the calcaneus, while the medial band inserts at the canalis tarsi at the talus and calcaneus. Instead of the term “interosseous ligaments,” we recommend referring to the “fundiform ligament” with one lateral and one medial band.Regarding function, one can assume that the medial band of these fundiform ligaments controls the talus at eversion and inversion together with the well-vasculated and well-innervated interarticular fat pads in the sinus and canalis tarsi. While contracting the long extensor muscles of the toes, the ligament forms a control mechanism for the longitudinal arch of the foot in the moving phase.A question is how variations in vascularization or disorders in innervation will alter the turgor of the pads of fat tissue. That is, such alterations would influence the distribution of synovia in the neighboring joints as well as the tension of the involved ligaments.
And Lee et al in the journal Arthroscopy reported that:
Arthroscopic findings showed partial tear of the interosseous talocalcaneal ligament in 29 cases (88%), synovitis in 18 (55%), partial tear of the cervical ligament in 11 (33%), arthrofibrosis in 8 (24%), and soft-tissue impingement in 7 (21%).
The both give some insight into what is actually going on with sinus tarsi syndrome.
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